The ovarian hormones as all steroid hormones are
synthesized from cholesterol, and due to its lipophilicity, have easy access to
all cells and organs, including the central nervous system (CNS). At the
cerebral level, these hormones influence the function of many nervous cells,
playing an important role in coordinating a number of physical and behavioral
changes related to reproductive cycle.
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However, studies are highlighting the
critical role that ovarian hormones may have on the organization of
non-reproductive behavior, especially in response to stress and anxiety. Progesterone,
in the corpus luteum, is converted into, among other metabolites,
allopregnanolone (3a-hydroxy-5a-pregnan-20- one), which is secreted under
stimulation of the luteinizing hormone (LH) and readily crosses the blood brain
barrier. It has been demonstrated that the 3a-hydroxysteroid is a potent
anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, sedative/hypnotic and anesthetic, which exerts its
effects through allosteric modulation of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
receptor complex. Read More>>>>>>
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