Beginning with the fifth edition of the
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), substance
related addictions are now summarized as “substance use disorders.” DSM-5
simplified the diagnosis, as the previous clinically-intuitive differentiation
between abuse and dependence did not hold up to scientific evidence.
That said,
the diagnostic criteria changed very little. At first glance this may seem to
support the notion that addictions are well-established disorders. Substance
use disorders clearly constitute a public health priority. Tobacco, alcohol and
illicit drug addictions and their sequelae top the list of preventable causes
of mortality, of suffering, and of public spending. At the same time,
underlying biological brain mechanisms of addiction have been delineated on a
faster pace than for other mental disorders. Given the public health
significance and the scientific leads provided by preclinical research, one
might expect addictions to be a major focus of clinical practice and clinical
research. Read more>>>>>>>>>>
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